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31.
《岩石力学与岩土工程学报(英文版)》2020,12(3):630-641
Structure is an evident determinant for macroscopic behaviors of soils. However, this is not taken into account in most constitutive models, as structure is a rather complex issue in models. For this, it is important to develop and implement simple models that can reflect this important aspect of soil behavior. This paper tried to model structured soils based on well-established concepts, such as critical state and sub-loading. Critical state is the core of the classic Cam Clay model. The sub-loading concept implies adoption of an inner (sub-loading) yield surface, according to specific hardening rules for some internal strain-like state variables. Nakai and co-workers proposed such internal variables for controlling density (ρ) and structure (ω), using a modified stress space, called tij. Herein, similar variables are used in the context of the better-known invariants (p and q) of the Cam Clay model. This change requires explicit adoption of a non-associated flow rule for the sub-loading surface. This is accomplished by modifying the dilatancy ratio of the Cam Clay model, as a function of the new internal variables. These modifications are described and implemented under three-dimensional (3D) conditions. The model is then applied to simulating laboratory tests under different stress paths and the results are compared to experiments reported for different types of structured soils. The good agreements show the capacity and potential of the proposed model. 相似文献
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膜构架蓄能器是以中空纤维膜为基本结构,不仅能够实现蓄能,同时能够解决溴化锂溶液浓度差蓄能器中结晶后的放能困难的问题。搭建了膜蓄能器放能过程传热传质实验测试系统,建立了应用于太阳能吸收式制冷系统中的膜架构蓄能器传热传质的三维数学模型,并利用 CFD 软件进行了求解。将计算结果与实验结果相比较,验证了该三维非稳态数学模型的可靠性。实验和仿真结果表明,质量分数为70% 的溴化锂溶液的水蒸气分子平均传质速率比质量分数为60%的溶液高44.03%;当蒸发温度从4.5℃提高到12.3℃时,水蒸气分子的平均传质速率将提高108.34%;当膜通道的有效长度从80 mm减少到30 mm时,水蒸气分子的传质速率会提高40.77%。 相似文献
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AbstractCoal is an important component in the energy industry and plays a key role in energy-producing facilities. Moisture is a common condition that has a considerable impact on coal. Coal drying has long been a question of great interest in a wide range of fields. Defining parameters in the coal drying is obtained by experiments. High costs, time constraints, and repetition of an experiment are one of the most frequently stated problems with experimental works. Using qualitative methods with experiments can be more useful for identifying and characterizing the coal drying process. The purpose of this article is finding the effective parameters in the coal drying process by using a hybridized prediction method. Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) are hybridized with each other to identify and characterize the coal drying process. GA-ANN algorithm is applied to the coal drying process to predict the moisture of coal, but it does not provide a decent result at first. Later, the Design of Experiment (DoE) methodology is performed to determine the main effects of six parameters. Two scenarios are generated because two parameters are not statistically significant. The first scenario excludes the air relative humidity parameter, and the second scenario excludes the air relative humidity and the velocity of air parameters. Following the application of the DoE method, GA-ANN reaches decent results in scenario-2. 相似文献
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萃取塔因生产能力大、占地面积小、密闭性好等优点,在石油、化工、生物、医药和环境工程等多领域被广泛应用。本文从以下几个方面介绍了萃取塔近些年的研究进展:综述了传统萃取塔(脉冲萃取塔、转盘塔与Kühni塔等)的水力学、轴向扩散与传质模型的发展,分析比较了表面张力、传质方向、放大效应等因素对模型的影响;介绍了计算流体动力学(CFD)在萃取塔中单液滴、单相流模拟、液-液两相流模拟、外加能量模拟、与群体平衡模型(PBM)耦合模拟中的应用进展;介绍了国内外设计开发的新型萃取塔,包括改变传统塔的内构件和引入多种外场能量等方式来强化相间传质。研究表明,将先进实验研究方法、准确经验模型和可靠理论计算相结合,将会是萃取塔研究的重要手段和方向。 相似文献
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This article deals with the evaluation of pressure drop and consumption of energy for a steady-state solvent extraction in a horizontal pulsed sieve-plate column, which are important for the design and optimization of the periodic-flow processes for industrial applications. In this study, the pressure drop and the position of loading points are investigated. Moreover, a mathematical evaluation on the energy consumption in the case of a pulsed flow is conducted, and besides the influence of pulsation intensity, the effect of geometrical parameters including the plate spacing and plate-free area is investigated as well. The results of this study are helpful for optimization of column geometry targeted to higher performance and lower energy consumption. 相似文献